Longitudinal associations of cumulative dyslipidaemia from mid-adolescence through young adulthood with arterial stiffness progression: the ALSPAC study

Abstract Background Arterial stiffness assessed with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) strongly predicts the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Recent temporal causal evidence suggests that cfPWV progression may precede development cardiometabolic diseases in adolescence, young adults, middle-aged adults. However, longitudinal relationship between dyslipidaemia population is unclear. Purpose To investigate associations total cholesterol (TC), non–high-density lipoprotein (non–HDL-C), high-density (HDL-C), triglyceride, low-density (LDL-C) adolescents. Methods We studied 1779 British 15-year-olds (50% females) followed up for 9 years. TC, HDL-C were measured line standard protocols at ages 15, 17, 24 years, respectively. LDL-C non-HDL-C estimated. Lipid phenotypes categorized based on 2011 National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute classification into normal (reference), elevated/dyslipidaemia. At age 17 was computed from pressure waveforms obtained using Vicorder device. conducted linear mixed-effect model analyses adjusted sex, age, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, glucose, insulin, fat mass, lean heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic sedentary time, light physical activity, moderate to vigorous family history disease, socioeconomic status, pubertal attainment, smoking addition lipid covariates such as HDL-C, LDL-C, or triglyceride depending predictor. TC not lipids. Results Participants' mean (SD) years different time points 15.43 (0.29), 17.69 (0.31), 24.53 (0.72). Persistently elevated/dyslipidaemia TC: effect estimate 0.006 m/s [95% CI −0.023 0.035; p=0.683], non–HDL-C: 0.004 [−0.025 0.033; p=0.771], LDL-C: 0.017 [−0.019 0.052; p=0.351], Triglyceride: −0.009 [−0.036 0.018; p=0.532] 15 through cumulatively associated 7-year progression. Persistent borderline-low/very-low HDL-C: 0.007 [−0.017 0.031; p=0.556] Conclusion These findings suggest elevated lipids mid-adolescence adulthood arterial progression, a marker preclinical arteriosclerosis. Thus, lipid-lowering interventions targeted preventing reversing be ineffective, particularly healthy population. Funding Acknowledgement Type funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main source(s): Finnish Cultural Foundation